A Double Case: Socket Shield and Pontic Shield Techniques on Aesthetic Zone.

When a tooth is extracted, a bone remodeling of the alveolar process occurs irretrievably. Various techniques have emerged over time to maintain the thickness of the bone crest in fixed prosthetics on teeth and implants. The socket shield and pontic shield techniques are aimed at minimizing buccal bone remodeling, especially in the aesthetic area. We present a case of an aesthetic sector rehabilitated with partial fixed denture using the socket shield and pontic shield techniques.

Granulomatosis with Poliangeitis (Wegener's Granulomatosis): Orofacial Manifestations. Systematic Review and Case Report.

PURPOSE: To present an update the orofacial manifestations of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) and present a clinical case with the initial signs in the oral cavity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A bibliographic search was performed on Pubmed with the keywords 'Wegener's granulomatosis', 'etiology', 'oral manifestations', 'oral cavity', 'gingiva'. The inclusion criteria were papers published in English in the last 10 years that made reference to clinical cases with in which the oral cavity was affected. The quality of the results was assessed with 'The 2013 Care Checklist'. RESULTS: Nineteen clinical cases were analysed. The average quality was 7.68/13 (range 5-10/13). 73.7% of patients were women, the most frequent area for the lesions was the gingiva and the most prevalent lesion was gingival hyperplasia. 68.4% of the patients had this lesion as a first sign, 21.1% as a progression and 10.5% as a recurrence. 68.4% of the lesions resolved once medical treatment was established. CONCLUSION: GPA is a multisystem disorder associated with considerable morbidity and mortality if not treated. Early diagnosis improves the prognosis. The first manifestation of the disease can be seen in the oral cavity. It is important that dentists recognise the oral manifestation in order to improve the prognosis. Key words: granulomatosis, polyangiiitis, Wegener's granulomatosis.

Guided Bone Regeneration of an Atrophic Maxilla Using Heterologous Cortical Lamina.

Alloplastic dental implants are currently the best way to replace lost teeth. In order to achieve good function and prognosis of dental implants, having bone and soft tissue to support them is necessary. When the amount of bone left is not enough to ensure the outcome of the implant, techniques such as shorts implants, zygomatic implants, or guided bone regeneration have been used. Even though autologous bone is mostly the "gold standard," other biomaterials such as xenografts have led to the reduction of the morbidity of treatments and to the improvement of the regeneration technique outcomes. We present a clinical case of severe atrophy of the maxilla in which we used different types of biomaterials: heterologous cortical lamina, xenograft and autologous bone, and microscrews.

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw associated with implant and regenerative treatments: Systematic review

Background: The aim of this study was to determine if the treatment with bisphosphonates other anti-resorptive and antiangiogenic agents influences the success of regenerative and / or implant treatments. Material and Methods: We reviewed the literature from the last 5 years in the PubMed database, using the following words: "Sinus Floor Augmentation"[Mesh] OR "Dental Implants"[Mesh]) OR "Guided Tissue Regeneration"[Mesh]) AND "Osteonecrosis"[Mesh]. The articles were selected following the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were evaluated using the 22 items of the STROBE declaration. The following PICO clinical question was applied: Does the treatment with agents associated with drug osteonecrosis influence the success of regenerative and implant treatments? Results: The initial search resulted in a total of 27 articles. After eliminating those that did not refer to the topic, were duplicated or did not meet the inclusion / exclusion criteria, a full reading of the articles was made evaluating their methodological quality, obtaining six studies with high methodological quality and two with moderate. Conclusions: The literature regarding this topic is scarce, randomized clinical trials would be necessary to establish protocols relative to implant treatment in patients on antiresorptive treatments. The risk of developing an osteonecrosis associated with the regeneration / implant placement in patients with benign bone diseases is scarce, but it exists and it should not be underestimated. Especially, in the posterior areas of the jaw, if the duration of treatment with BP is greater than 3 years, and if the patient is under therapy with systemic corticosteroids

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Autogenous teeth used for bone grafting: A systematic review

Background: Recently, bone graft materials using permanent teeth have come to light, and clinical and histological outcomes of this material have been confirmed by some studies. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the reliability of the autogenous tooth bone graft material applied to alveolar ridge augmentation procedures. Material and Methods: A systematic review of literature was conducted analyzing articles published between 2007 and 2017. The following four outcome variables were defined: a) implant stability b) post-operative complication c) evaluation of implant survival and failure rates, and d) histological analysis. A total of 108 articles were identified; 6 were selected for review. Based on the PICO (problem, intervention, comparison, outcome) model, the chief question of this study was: Can patients with alveolar ridge deficiency be successfully treated with the autogenous teeth used as bone graft? Results: The mean primary stability of the placed implants was 67.3 ISQ and the mean secondary stability was 75.5 ISQ. The dehiscence of the wound was the most frequent complication with a rate of 29.1%. Of the 182 analyzed implants, the survival rate was 97.7% and the failure rate was 2.3%. In the histological analysis, most of studies reported bone formation (AU)

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Enfermedades de transmisión sexual. Manifestaciones orales / Sexually transmitted diseases. Oral manifestations. Update

Las enfermedades de transmisión sexual (ETS) son enfermedades infecto-contagiosas producidas por microrganismos patógenos que se transmiten, principalmente, durante las relaciones sexuales y que infectan las áreas genitales u otras zonas del cuerpo humano. Su origen son microrganismos patógenos: bacterias, protozoos, virus, hongos y ectoparásitos. En ocasiones estas enfermedades producen manifestaciones en el territorio orofacial que es necesario conocer e identificar (AU)

Sexually transmitted diseases (STD) are infectious-contagious diseases produced by pathogenic microorganisms that are transmitted, principally, during sexual relations and that infect the genital areas or other zones of the human body. They have their origin in pathogenic microorganisms: bacteria, protozoa, viruses, fungi and ectoparasites. On occasions these diseases produce manifestations in the orofacial area which is necessary to know or identify (AU)